Motherboard is the computer’s key components used to connect a variety of computer equipment, computer plays a vital role. If the board fails, your computer can not properly used. Present a more integrated motherboard, motherboard repair has become increasingly difficult, often using specialized digital testing equipment to complete, but to master the full NIKON en-el5 battery pack board repair techniques for the rapid failure investigation board is still very necessary.
Cause the main board failure
Today, the motherboard components and integrated circuits are many and complex, resulting in relatively high failure reasons. Many common motherboard failure caused by poor environment, but because of quality problems caused by the motherboard itself will be more failures, while some of the problems are caused by human users.
1, bad motherboard operating environment
If the board covered with dust, can cause short circuits the signal. If the power supply is damaged, or transient voltage spikes generated will enable the board to the chip near the power plug is damaged, causing the motherboard failure; In addition, static electricity often cause the chip on the Studio 1555 Battery motherboard (especially CMOS chip) is the breakdown, malfunction .
2, the quality of the motherboard itself
As the chip on the motherboard and other components of poor quality, the use of aging over time will damage the device, causing the motherboard failure.
3, human error
Hot-swap hardware is very dangerous, many motherboard failures are caused by hot, burning the most common is the keyboard, mouse port, there will be severe damage the motherboard. Charged pluggable I / O card, board and plug in installed when the force properly, can result in interface chips and other damage.
Motherboard repair method commonly used
Motherboard failure to determine, usually through progressive removal or replacement of the motherboard is connected to board, first rule out possible problems of these accessories, you can lock the target on the motherboard. Actual maintenance, repair frequently used methods are listed below.
1, observation
Check for foreign objects falling into the motherboard between the components. If less chassis, the conductive material is not accidentally fall into the GP340 battery card between the components on the motherboard, it could lead to “protection fault.” Also, check whether the motherboard and chassis and a small plate installed between the support board for the small studs; whether the motherboard installed improperly or chassis deformation, leaving the board in direct contact with the chassis, so that short-circuit protection of power supply automatically cut off power supply.
Check the motherboard battery: If the computer can not find the right boot disk, boot the system time is incorrect, CMOS settings can not be saved, you can check the motherboard CMOS jumper, the jumper to “NORMAL” option (usually 1-2 ) and then re-set. If the CMOS jumper is not wrong, it is likely because the motherboard battery is damaged or the battery voltage is insufficient, please try another motherboard battery.
Check the motherboard Northbridge cooling effect: some no-name board on the Northbridge heat sink eliminating the need for, this may result in ineffective cooling chip, cause the system running for some time after the crash. When it occurs, can be made of the heat sink installed, add a cooling effect or a good chassis fan.
Check the motherboard capacitors: aluminum electrolytic capacitors on the motherboard (usually around the CPU socket) the internal use of the electrolyte, because of the time, temperature, quality and other reasons, make it happen, “aging” phenomenon, which causes resistance to the CANON nb-2lh battery replacement motherboard disturbance index decreased impact machine to work properly. We can buy with the “aging” of the same capacity capacitor, ready for soldering iron, solder wire, rosin, will be “aging” can be replaced.
Check the motherboard carefully the plug and socket is skew, resistance, capacitance pin is touching the surface is scorched, the chip surface is cracking, the copper foil is blown on the motherboard; touch some of the surface of the chip, if abnormal hot, can for a chip to try; encountered areas of doubt, what with the multi-meter.
2, dust removal method
The larger board is gathering dust and more places. Dust can easily lead to poor contact socket and board, in addition, a number of cards on the motherboard, chip pin form, often because of poor contact pin-oxidation.
Recommended wool brush to gently brush the dust on the motherboard, must be careful not to force too much or too much action, so knocked board surface mount components or cause components to loosen resulting in Weld. Note clear the CPU slot is used to detect CPU temperature, chassis or motherboard to monitor the temperature of the thermistor on the dust, otherwise it will cause the motherboard to the temperature of the recognition errors, which lead to failure to protect the Sony VGP-BPS9 motherboard. If the oxidation is caused by poor contact pin socket can be folded with the hardness of the white paper (smooth surface facing the outside of it), wipe back and forth into the tank; for the card pins can be used eraser to the surface oxide layer, and then re- plug.
3, check whether there are short-circuit board
Should be measured before the power if the motherboard has short circuit, to avoid accidents. To determine is: measuring the power chip resistor between pin and ground. Power plug is not inserted, the resistance should normally be 300Ω, the minimum should not be less than 100Ω. Test-retest about reverse resistance, slightly different, but not too much difference. If the positive and negative or close to the conduction resistance is small, it means the motherboard short circuit occurs.
Cause short circuit board may have damaged the motherboard resistors and capacitors, or a conductive debris, it could be the motherboard has been breakdown of the chip. To find out the breakdown of the chip, you can measure the power supply plug. +5 V en-el9 battery power supply is generally measured and +12 V. When they find a deviation from the standard voltage value too far, you can cut through the separation or some wire, or unplug some chips and then measuring the voltage. When cut a certain wire or unplug a piece of silicon, if the voltage becomes normal, then this leads to the component lead or pull down the chip, is the fault lies.
4, plug exchange
This method can determine the fault is on the motherboard, or the I / O device? Is the same type plug-in board, or chip exchange, and then to prevent the phenomenon of change, to determine failures. It is mainly used to easily swap the maintenance environment, such as memory self-test error, the same interchangeable memory chips or memory to determine the cause of the Universal laptop battery malfunction.
Operation is: first off, then pull out the plug-in board-by-block; pull out a board for each observation on the boot machine running, once pulled out a piece, the board is operating normally, then the plug-in board is faulty, or the corresponding I / O bus slots and load circuit fault; if pulled out all the plug-in board, the system is still not start properly, then the fault is probably on the motherboard.
5, static / dynamic measurement
Static measurements: Let board suspended in a close-up mode, according to the principles of logic circuit or chip output and the logical relationship between input, pen measuring with a multimeter or logic level of the relevant points to analyze to determine the cause of the malfunction.
Dynamic measurement and analysis methods: the preparation of specific programs or man-made assertion normal conditions, the machine is running, observe the components measured with an oscilloscope waveform, and compared with the normal waveform in order to determine the fault location.
As the control logic on the motherboard more integrated, so its logical correctness, has been difficult to determine by measurement. I suggest you first determine the logical relationship between the chip and a simple RC components, and then focus on the logic fault is difficult to determine the large-scale integrated circuit chip.
6, program testing method
This MOTOROLA HT1000 Battery method is mainly used to check a variety of interface circuits, and various circuit parameters with the address is faulty, its principle is to use software to send data, commands, by reading the line status and a chip (such as the register) the state, to identify the fault parts.
To use this method, your CPU and the bus must be running normally, to run the diagnostic software that can run the installation on the I / O bus slot on the diagnostic card. You can use the random diagnostic procedures, special maintenance diagnostic card, or on the basis of technical parameters (such as interface address), self-specific diagnostic procedures to aid in hardware maintenance. However, you write the diagnostic procedures to be strict, comprehensive, targeted to make some KENWOOD th27a battery key parts of the emergence of a regular signal, to occasional failure of repeated testing, can display record error conditions.